Thoughts on America – what do progressives take from this?


This blog was originally posted on Medium on November 12th 2016.

President-elect Donald Trump. Even by the standards of everything that has happened in politics recently — this is I think the fourth ‘taking stock’ blog I’ve written in 18 months — having to type those words is still surreal. I cannot even begin to imagine the pain and fear Democrats, women and minorities in America must be feeling right now. But here are some thoughts.
This is much worse than Brexit

The comparison is instinctive. That sinking feeling you had in the early hours as northerly ex-industrial heartlands started to go pear-shaped, and downhill from there. Our liberalism repudiated. A spike racist incidents. The sense of bereavement many Remainers and Democrats now share, that feeling of losing the country we thought we knew (and the sudden need to in some way respond to the fact that those who had just outvoted you had long felt the same way, whether or not they are justified). Its easily arguable that they are part of the same anti-establishment phenomenon sweeping Western politics.

This is worse though. Fashionable though it may be to observe the similarities, there will be plenty in Britain who voted for Brexit and abhor Trump (only 11% of Brits wanted a Trump win, at least at least 64% opposed his Muslim ban — Nigel Farage is not a proxy for all Leave voters here). While the Leave campaign itself was sodden with xenophobia and untruths, there were also honourable reasons for many ordinary Leave voters to feel the way they did, including democracy and accountability. Mass anxiety about immigration was a key driver of both Brexit and Trump’s win and is a huge challenge to overcome, but the nuances of British public opinion even there are a reminder that we are a nation of moderates in a way that America is not (James Morris wrote well on this for the Fabians recently). And there is at least a distinct tradition of left-wing Euroscepticism in Britain, however subjugated it may be in practice to its right-wing counterpart. But with Trump, it is inescapable that open, unabashed and unforgivable bigotry was his entire campaign, and a direct motivator for a huge share of his voters.
Remainers lost the referendum in part through a lack of self-awareness and humility, and we have not all come to terms with that since. So tempting though it is straightforwardly conflate Trump and Brexit, I am not sure either loudly doing so in public or posturing for each other on social media help endear us as we continue to make the argument we must make for a softer Brexit that works better for ordinary people in Britain.

It could even help us with Brexit, if we’re lucky. There are valid reasons to fear the opposite, of course — Hillary Clinton could’ve been an advocate for Britain, encouraging the EU to agree softer terms, and we now face turmoil in both of our key relationships. Even if Trump was minded to offer us a trade deal as Farage now boasts, it would represent challenges for how Britain would square being seen to align with him with our values and our other relationships. But with a US cleaving towards protectionism, isolationism and even Putinism, the UK’s role as an anchor for European security and free trade norms becomes more of an asset as we strive to find continued common ground with the rest of the continent.

Democrats are handling it well

At the grassroots level, protests against Trump are understandable so long as they are peaceful — he lost the popular vote, and he won while victimising people who can never the expected to respect his victory.

Among senior Democrats, both Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton’s statements have hit a balance — cordial and emphasising the peaceful transfer of power as cornerstone of American democracy, while also firing a verbal warning shot by pointedly stressing other liberal democratic norms in the same breath (rule of law, freedom of expression and religion). This is partly intended to safeguard political and economic stability, but it’s also an attempt to hold Trump to those rules — Democrats cannot be seen to flout them if they are to protect them. In contrast to Trump’s statements about both leaders and his previous refusal to pledge to accept a Hillary win, their restraint and their class is also boundlessly inspiring, even in these dark days.

There is some hope for the Democrats

There is no way of escaping that the next four years will be horrifying for the Democrats, for all those they represent and protect in the US, and for a world grappling with President Trump. Racism will rise, deportations will follow and landmark Obama achievements (much of Obamacare, Wall Street reform, environmental regulations) will likely be repealed. But there is still more hope for US Democrats than there is for social democrats in Europe.

Demographics continue to shift towards the Democrats — they have won the popular vote in 6 out of the last 7 elections. Even as Hillary lost, she held onto states that Democrats could not carry as recently as 2004 (Colorado, Virginia, Nevada). They are advancing in Georgia, in Arizona and may eventually win Texas. And Trump has locked the Republicans further into the strategy of doubling down on mobilising angry white America.

For now, the filibuster in the Senate will be the only means of scrutiny on Trump, and even that the Republicans might vote to remove. But as the party out of the White House, 2018 could also be the first time in 12 years that the Democrats are on the offensive in the midterms. In Congress the Democrats are sadly unlikely to gain either chamber. In the Senate they need three gains to take the chamber, but the third of Senate seats up in 2018 were last contested in the 2006 and 2012 cycles, both years where the Democrats dominated. This means only 8 of the 33 seats in 2018 are still left Republican-held, mostly in deep-red states — only in Nevada and maybe Arizona are they vulnerable. Democrats would have to win both, defend flawlessly in every one of their existing seats and still find a third gain against all odds (maybe against Ted Cruz in Texas, but Democrats have not won there statewide since 1994). And in the House of Representatives, post-2010 Republican gerrymandering meant than even a popular vote win for the Democrats in 2012 didn’t change control of the chamber.

However, 2018 is a chance to mount a fightback against Republican control at the state level, where the Republicans have dominated in the Obama years following their 2010 and 2014 waves. This in turn enabled them to gerrymander districts and pass sweeping voter suppression laws. The Democrats can start to overturn these and liberalise voting laws if they win more governorships and legislatures, not to mention roll back GOP social and economic policies that have devastated many states and trial their own agenda instead. Of 36 governorships on the ballot in 2018, only 9 are already Democratic-held. Out of all 50 states, Republicans control 31 governorships and 33 legislatures (26 states have unified Republican control, the Democrats have this is only 7). There is perhaps nowhere to go but up for the Democrats at the state level, and rebuilding there will help them win back Congress, and then the presidency.

As for 2020 — Trump starts out with negative ratings and without a popular mandate, and his agenda could strip healthcare from over 20 million people, hike taxes on working Americans and worsen the American economy. The Democrats cannot be hubristic and will need to rebuild themselves, taking the lessons of this week to heart and mount a compelling positive case for themselves in the ex-industrial heartlands Hillary lost. But as much as politics may surpass my worst expectations these days, I hope this nightmare may only last one term.

Moreover, Democrats have some rising stars, including BAME women — three rose to the US Senate on Tuesday (former attorneys general Kamala Harris of California and Catherine Cortez Masto of Nevada, and Iraq veteran Tammy Baldwin in Illinois). State governor Maggie Hassan also beat narrowly beat an incumbent Republican senator in New Hampshire. Already in the Senate they have figures like Amy Klobuchar and Corey Booker — Tim Kaine remains there too. And the Democrats do have a few big-state governors, notably Andrew Cuomo in New York. Democrats also hold the governorship in Pennsylvania, where Trump just won — governor Tom Wolf ran a family-owned business in the town of York before his election in 2014. There may still be future presidents on the Democratic bench.

Yes, a better candidate would’ve helped, but it’s harder to say who

As for who the Democrats picked in 2016 — Hillary Clinton has been the victim of blatant sexism, decades of ruthless partisan investigations from the Republicans and systemic media bias. She has always been tenacious in the face of that, was eminently qualified and ran on a policy platform more progressive even than that of Barack Obama. She won all three debates hands-down.

It is also true to say that Democrats nominated her knowing full well that fair or not, in politics perception is reality and she has always been divisive. Some senior Democrats backed Obama in 2008 over exactly this concern, knowing it would be hard for her to redefine herself. While her conduct with her emails was not criminal and drew altogether far too much media obsession — especially proportional to the sheer enormity of the problems with Trump’s candidacy — she was not faultless either and the Democrats would not often risk nominating a candidate under investigation by the FBI. There were also issues around the Clinton Foundation (again, not as serious as those with Trump’s Foundation or his business empire, but nonetheless present), with her Goldman speeches and with the unshakable impression that she personified the ‘establishment’ in an era of politics when that is increasingly the worst thing to be. And worst of all, the final result was very close. It’s hard not to suggest that another candidate might well have seen off Trump, even if it still might only have been narrowly.

What is hard is to say who that candidate could’ve been. The inevitable suggestion from Bernie Sanders supporters that it should’ve been him is dubious. Yes he polled better than Hillary, but that is meaningless when as the underdog, he had yet to face real media scrutiny or Republican attacks (even the opposite — Karl Rove’s Super PAC attempted to hit Hillary on her Wall Street ties in Iowa, to try to manipulate the Democratic primaries in the Republicans’ favour). It remains hard to imagine the small c-conservative middle-income white Americans swayed by Trump rallying to an eccentric 74-year old self-described Jewish socialist from Vermont. And it was always sketchy at best how a President Sanders would’ve turned tub-thumping rhetoric into deliverable policy, and secure sweeping changes in a political system defined by constitutional divisions of power and extreme partisanship.

Moreover, I’m reminded of something Sanders-sympathetic Corbynites in the UK are fond of telling Labour moderates — that if Corbyn’s internal opponents couldn’t beat him, then it is folly to speculate about their greater electability. In the UK party system this is actually fairly fallacious. Labour moderates do have to work out how to win our own party back regardless, but paid-up party membership and even the Labour supporter schemes are only the preserve of a self-selecting few in Britain’s political culture — the left-wing, urban English AB Labour selectorate remains a small and deeply unrepresentative fraction of our 2015 core vote over 9 million (and that’s before we even start to think about winning over Tory swing voters). However, in the US this logic does hold somewhat more water, and Bernie Sanders fell down by this standard.

Primaries do still have a skew and the US too struggles to be a mass participation culture in many ways, but party registration is far more normalised and flexible and the gap between selectorate and general election vote isn’t as great. Over 60 million voted for Hillary in November, but 30 million still participated in the process that made her the nominee, where she beat Bernie by well over 3 million votes. Bernie also performed best in the caucus states, where the threshold for participation is higher and turnout lower. Hillary may have lost in part because she still did not inspire enough African-American and Hispanic voters to the polls in November, but Bernie lost the nomination to her because he had no ability to connect with them at all. And Bernie’s appeal to white working class voters in the primaries was sometimes overstated, with Hillary winning them in some states — white liberal college-educated voters were the most consistent part of his base.

Of the Democrats who ran for president, it was actually former Marine and Virginia senator Jim Webb who most bluntly addressed Democrats’ economic and cultural estrangement from the white working-class during his very brief bid in 2015. But even relatively sympathetic liberal voices in the US wrote that they found his articulation and solutions crass or simplistic, and even moreso than for Blue Labour in the UK, it would be a struggle to square a less culturally liberal outlook with his party’s modern electoral coalition. This was not a solution either, at least in its purest form.

In April I blogged about how the Democrats needed someone like Obama, combining the prose of Hillary’s readiness for government with what seemed like the poetry of Bernie’s ability to excite at the time. I did wonder whether this person was Elizbeth Warren, but this may be doubtful too. First, she has shown little interest in the presidency, despite grassroots efforts to draft her — it is suggested that she feels more effective as a senator and a campaigner. Even if she had, though she’d have had less baggage and more savvy than Bernie, she would still have had some of the same problems, starting with a lack of experience of needing connect with minority voters. Democrats would’ve no doubt stressed her populism and her roots in a working-class Republican family in Oklahoma, but Republicans would’ve trained all their fire on her as an alien ‘liberal Massachusetts professor’, the same kind of campaign that worked all too well against John Kerry in 2004. And given that Hillary was shamelessly attacked simply for being an older woman, Warren would not have been spared either.

Hillary running did clear the field of other Democrats who might’ve otherwise tried, such was the regard in which she was held in her party after her long career and stint as Secretary of State (or alternately such was the depth of her establishment inevitability — your mileage may very). It’s tempting to wonder if Joe Biden might’ve won the rust belt voters Trump secured — as a two-term vice president he was in the rare position of not being his party’s presumptive nominee, and he was reluctant to challenge Hillary for her lead. But Biden has his liabilities too and just as Hillary was viewed as a quasi-incumbent, in a country where it is historically rare for a two-term president to be succeeded by another member of their party, Biden could not have run as a change candidate either. Democrats were also rightly hungry for a female nominee to finally break that “highest, hardest glass ceiling” Hillary so vividly raged against. Some ambitious women, including Midwestern senators Amy Klobuchar and Claire McCaskill, might’ve run if Hillary had not, and they may have been freer to define themselves. But if they had wanted to lead, they needed to challenge her against the odds, just as Obama did in 2008 — they chose not to.

As always in politics, those who actually put themselves forward and make themselves most relevant are liable to take scrutiny and criticism. Those who do not get to remain Rorschach tests, idealised in our imaginations. In the end, we can say as we like about Hillary, but she was the only serious Democrat to run. 17 million Democratic primary voters put their faith in her. And she ran a disciplined campaign — it just wasn’t enough.

‘Organisation’ or glib platitudes won’t help the left — we must finally challenge ourselves

A standard refrain when the left loses elections now is ‘get organised’ — this is meaningless. In organisational terms, Hillary Clinton’s campaign adopted and even improved the techniques of Obama’s successful runs and it dealt with challenges more calmly than the faulty Clinton machine of 2008. Her party was largely united behind her — Bernie Sanders’ fierce advocacy for her after the primaries was admirable, and unlike in 2000, disgruntled liberal defections to the Greens did not actually account for the margin of the Democrats’ electoral college loss. Hillary was endorsed by the most newspapers, including some that had never endorsed any Democrat for president before, and her debate performances were a testament to how well her and her team prepared.

In contrast, Donald Trump’s campaign was wracked with internal infighting and staff changes, and his advisors struggled to keep him on message and even off his Twitter account. Commentators widely assumed a lack of election day ground-game would cost him in a close election, and there were very public clashes between him and senior Republican officeholders.

On the day, none of this mattered. Just as the Remain campaign’s vaunted use of digital targeting or Labour’s doorstep advantage in 2015 didn’t matter. Better organisation can move a critical few points if what the campaign is speaking to basically appeals, but if it doesn’t, the instincts and emotions of the electorate will carry the day.

Nor can we just mumble the same platitudes about ‘listening’ or ‘engaging’, only to do exactly what we always do — keep both feet firmly planted in our comfort zone, unwilling to genuinely change our attitudes, priorities or language.

There is no ready-made progressive majority, in the US or in the UK. To be fair, the Democrats fell into this trap because there’s some validity to it. Due to America’s racial makeup and strength among single women and white professionals alienated by an extremely socially conservative Republican Party, the Democrats can now fairly regularly secure popular vote majorities in presidential years. The Democrats are consequently far less reliant on white working and middle-income voters than Labour or any other European social democratic party. But perhaps due to an overemphasis on these bits of the Obama coalition, in 2016 they became complacent and forgot that final piece of the coalition altogether — this lost Hillary the rust belt and the electoral college.

But for Labour, a similar problem is ravaging us when we had no reason to expect we can win without these voters at all, given Britain’s demographics and less polarised party loyalties. Only the sheer force of our urban liberal middle-class groupthink keeps the myths about winning with minor party and new voters alone going, when statistical analysis and common sense disprove both. And insofar as we acknowledge the reality that Tory, UKIP and Leave voters in middle England must be at the heart of any winning strategy, it’s just lip-service — we make pledges that amount to explaining how our existing patterns are the right ones, but are prepared to do little that might challenge or discomfort us.

On the economy, we still fail to show consistent solidarity with struggling small businesses and the self-employed, or a basic understanding of taxpayers’ demand to know that their money will be well-spent. We mention them occasionally, but these things are not central to our lexicon because they’re just not on the minds of Labour activists in the way that the NHS or cuts are. This is again might be an area where Labour’s problem is worse than the Democrats’. Labour lost badly over perceived readiness for office in 2015, but American voters saw Hillary Clinton as qualified for president and some polls suggested she was basically trusted on the economy — it is doubtful she could have even won the popular vote if not. But insofar as economic anxiety motivated Trump voters (this is easy to oversimplify — culture and race was a huge factor and Hillary won the very poorest voters), the status quo was not enough and they were willing to risk wholesale change.

Further, Trump’s emphasis was on his image not just as a political outsider, but specifically on his long-cultivated brand as a “successful” businessman. Here the Democrats failed badly, as Trump had a string of broken ventures and a record of ripping off working people, and he was pledging to repeal Obama’s healthcare and financial sector reforms and cut taxes for the wealthiest. 2016 actually contrasts strikingly with how well Obama’s campaign disarmed Mitt Romney’s similar pitch, but this is again perhaps a testament to how voters’ economic behaviour intertwines with cultural factors and the weight that impressions carry. Overt racial and cultural politics being central to Trump’s platform forced Democrats to respond and complicated attempts to counter him on bread-and-butter issues. Trump’s hard-charging personality was perhaps more difficult to take apart than Romney’s aloof northern stuffiness. And as the nominee for the right-wing party, Trump made unorthodox promises on infrastructure spending without fear of attack over America’s burgeoning deficit.

By contrast, in 2015 Labour did talk about inequality and our focus here has sharpened under Corbyn, but there is a reason this isn’t changing our fortunes. With all the populist language in the world about a rigged system, working people won’t call on us to unstack the deck against them if they don’t yet trust us enough not to threaten their existing livelihoods. We don’t take apart the Tories’ record of economic failure with gusto, because we haven’t earned that permission to speak and we don’t actually seem to care much either when they miss their deficit targets. And Labour lacks a populist shortcut to credibility — an equivalent to Trump’s ‘businessman’ shtick (or if we are making the Brexit comparison, Leave’s feel-good bald-faced lies about returning contributions to the UK and the world’s eagerness to cut favourable trade deals with us). Our biggest ideas — borrow to invest, People’s QE and a Citizen’s Income — won’t fill the same void in the public imagination, at least currently. Whatever the economics, right now they risk confirming the existing narrative that Labour is irresponsible, while the right’s pseudo-solutions are pitched to appeal to the public’s instinctive belief in financial responsibility and human enterprise.

Nor are we at one with the voters on their other concerns. On defence, in a world with ISIS, an assertive Russia and now the potential loss of our main ally in the US, we are led by a pacifist in all but name and argue with ourselves about Trident and forces cuts. On immigration, we hog-tie ourselves so much that we cannot bring ourselves to use words as plain as ‘control’ (the same word that won Leave the referendum). There could be a majority for a fair and managed migration system the public can trust, if we would pay attention enough to lead it. On Europe, we refused to give the public the referendum they longed for, and half of us still wish to ignore its outcome (and even those who don’t still struggle to communicate our position). On welfare, we are rightly compassionate and should now oppose a benefit cap, but we cannot comprehend the anxiety of even traditional Labour voters at failings in the system where they do occur, and so we cede the language of responsibility to Conservatives who will destroy the system in its entirety.

And we continue to pick leaders in our narrow image — weird, unpopular North Londoners have won three times in a row now. Labour members like that Corbyn comes across to them as humble and unambitious, but this is the very same reason that he doesn’t radiate the strength and leadership the public reasonably look for in their PM. Conor Pope is right that if Jeremy Corbyn could ever have a moment, it would be now. But he still won’t. Yes, the polls in America were wrong, especially at state level, but they weren’t thatwrong. When Jeremy Corbyn trailing far behind “don’t know” for preferred prime minister and Labour down double digits mid-term become the norm, that isn’t a modelling error. In the eyes of Labour members he has earned the right to face the general electorate regardless, but we cannot be in denial about where we stand.

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